24,748 research outputs found
Unfolding practices with unfolding objects: standardization work in global branding
Although significant efforts have focused on the question how the standardization of global branding works, very little research concerns standardization work i.e. how actors, objects and practices come together in the development and control of standards (see Chabowski et al. 2013). Yet, the development and control of standards involves power relations, negotiation and conflicts between competing visions and outcomes (Lyytinen and King 2006; Nickerson and Muehlen 2006). The complex standardization practice revolves around objects (D'Adderio 2011). Surprisingly, tools and are technologies of standardization are also absent from marketing literature. The current study focuses on the entanglement of global branding and digital artifacts. The project explores how digital objects are co-instituted and co-implicated in the generation, stabilization and control of international marketing practice. Our specific focus is on brand standards; we examine how digital affordances mesh with practices to enable and constrain standardization work
Horofunction Compactifications of Symmetric Spaces
We consider horofunction compactifications of symmetric spaces with respect
to invariant Finsler metrics. We show that any (generalized) Satake
compactification can be realized as a horofunction compactification with
respect to a polyhedral Finsler metric.Comment: In the new version, the Convexity Lemma is proven for general norms
and not only polyhedral ones. Additionally, smaller changes and corrections
were don
Yule-generated trees constrained by node imbalance
The Yule process generates a class of binary trees which is fundamental to
population genetic models and other applications in evolutionary biology. In
this paper, we introduce a family of sub-classes of ranked trees, called
Omega-trees, which are characterized by imbalance of internal nodes. The degree
of imbalance is defined by an integer 0 <= w. For caterpillars, the extreme
case of unbalanced trees, w = 0. Under models of neutral evolution, for
instance the Yule model, trees with small w are unlikely to occur by chance.
Indeed, imbalance can be a signature of permanent selection pressure, such as
observable in the genealogies of certain pathogens. From a mathematical point
of view it is interesting to observe that the space of Omega-trees maintains
several statistical invariants although it is drastically reduced in size
compared to the space of unconstrained Yule trees. Using generating functions,
we study here some basic combinatorial properties of Omega-trees. We focus on
the distribution of the number of subtrees with two leaves. We show that
expectation and variance of this distribution match those for unconstrained
trees already for very small values of w
The Jurisdictional Difficulties of Defining Charter-School Teachers Unions Under Current Labor Law
As charter schools have flourished in form, they have also evolved in variety: parents can send their children to a trilingual immersion school or a school whose classes meet entirely online. The same flexibility that charters offer as an alternative to traditional public schools also makes them difficult to classify for purposes of labor law. When charter-school teachers form a union, it is not clear why the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), and not a state labor analogue, should have jurisdiction over a charter-school labor dispute. And yet, the NLRB has asserted jurisdiction in most charter-school cases. This Note examines the NLRB’s test for determining whether the broad protections of the National Labor Relations Act apply to a group of workers in the context of charter-school employees. It proposes a more robust test for differentiating between charter schools for purposes of the Act, and it applies the test to two charter schools
Instanton Effects in Hadron Spectroscopy in SU(2) (Lattice) Gauge Theory
We describe quenched spectroscopy in SU(2) gauge theory using smoothed gauge
field configurations. We investigate the properties of quarks moving in
instanton background field configurations, where the sizes and locations of the
instantons are taken from simulations of the full gauge theory. By themselves,
these multi-instanton configurations do not confine quarks, but they induce
chiral symmetry breaking.Comment: 13 pages, LaTeX, 8 eps figure
Comments on lattice gauge theories with infrared-attractive fixed points
Theories of interacting gauge fields and fermions can possess a running gauge
coupling with an infrared attractive fixed point (IRFP). We present a minimal
description of the physics of these systems and comment on some simple
expectations for results from lattice simulations done within the basin of
attraction of the IRFP in these theories.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures. Published version, fixed typos in version
Understanding eINVs through the lens of prior research in entrepreneurship, international business and international entrepreneurship
In this chapter we examine the growing phenomenon of internet-based international new ventures, which we label “eINVS,” through the lens of previous research in the fields of entre- preneurship, international business and international entrepreneurship. Our purpose is to iden- tify where these existing bodies of research help us to understand eINVs, and where there are gaps that constitute important questions for future research. We define an eINV by adapting a widely used definition of international new ventures (INV) (Oviatt and McDougall 2005: 5): an eINV is a venture whose business model is enabled by a digital platform and that, from incep- tion, seeks to derive significant competitive advantage from international growth. With a focus explicitly on how extant research helps us understand eINVs, this review differs from that of Reuber and Fischer (2011b), who focus on firm-level internet-related resources that are related to the internationalization of ventures in general; that of Pezderka and Sinkovics (2011), who focus on risk and the online foreign market entry decisions of small and medium-sized enter- prises (SMEs); and that of Chandra and Coviello (2010), who focus on consumers using the internet to pursue international opportunities
Fixed point action and topological charge for SU(2) gauge theory
We present a theoretically consistent definition of the topological charge
operator based on renormalization group arguments. Results of the
measurement of the topological susceptibility at zero and finite temperature
for SU(2) gauge theory are presented.Comment: 3 pages, LaTeX file. Talk presented at LATTICE96(improvement
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